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Insertion Loss Detection

Loss detection, also known as "insertion loss" or "Insertion Loss", measures the attenuation of a signal as it passes through a cable. Think of the signal as water flowing through a pipe. At the end of the pipe, the water pressure will always be slightly lower than at the beginning due to friction and length. Similarly, a data signal loses strength as it passes through a metallic or fibre optic cable. The insertion loss expresses exactly how much strength the signal has lost along the way. Several factors affect this loss, most notably the overall length of the cable - the longer the cable, the greater the attenuation. Individual components such as connectors, sockets and patch bays also contribute, as each connection presents a small barrier to the signal. The attenuation value is given in decibels, referred to as dB. Here, the lower the measured value in dB, the better. A low number means that little of the original signal strength has been lost. Conversely, a high value indicates significant attenuation. The cable tester measures this parameter by sending a signal of precisely defined strength to one end of the cable and measuring how strong the signal has arrived at the other end. The difference between the transmitted and received signal is just the insertion loss. If the attenuation is too great and exceeds the allowable limit set by the standard for a particular category of cable, the signal at the end of the line may be too weak to be properly detected by the receiving equipment. In practice, this will result in errors in the transmitted data, a reduction in network speed or a complete failure of the link.

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