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PVA filament

PVA, commonly known as polyvinyl alcohol, is a 3D printing material in the form of a string known as filament. Its key and most notable characteristic is its solubility in ordinary water. This property makes it suitable for use as a temporary support material when printing complex objects. 3D printers cannot print in empty space, so for parts of the model that protrude, such as overhangs or bridges, they need to create a temporary structure on which to rest. To print with PVA, a 3D printer with two print heads, the so-called "dual extruder", is needed. One head prints the model itself in a conventional material such as PLA, while the other head prints the supports in PVA. Once the printing is complete, the entire print and the supports are immersed in a container of water. Within a few hours, the PVA supports will completely dissolve, leaving behind a clean and smooth surface of the main model without any damage that could result from mechanical removal of the supports with pliers or a knife. However, it is important to know that PVA is highly hygroscopic, which means that it absorbs airborne moisture. If the filament gets wet, it becomes difficult to print and can clog the printer nozzle. It must therefore be stored dry, ideally in an airtight box with a moisture absorbing bag.

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