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Soluble material

Soluble material, also referred to as soluble filament, is a special type of plastic string designed for 3D printing. Its main characteristic is its ability to dissolve in a specific liquid, usually water or another specific solvent. This material is primarily used for printing temporary support structures, or "supports" for short. This is because when 3D printing more complex objects with overhangs or internal cavities, it is necessary to create a temporary structure on which the newly printed layers can rest. In conventional printing, these supports are printed from the same material as the model itself and must be mechanically broken off or cut away when finished, which can leave marks on the final product or damage its surface. To print with soluble material, a 3D printer equipped with at least two print heads, so-called extruders, is required. One print head prints the object itself out of the regular material, while the other head prints the supports out of soluble filament. Once the printing is complete, the entire print is immersed in the appropriate liquid. For example, the PVA material dissolves in ordinary water, while the HIPS material requires a solvent such as limonene. The support structure will dissolve completely over time, leaving only a clean and smooth model without any traces. In this way, it is possible to create geometrically very complex parts with internal channels or intricate details that would be difficult or impossible to produce to the required quality with peel-off supports.

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