R290 (propane) is a natural Class A3 refrigerant with a very low global warming impact. It is characterized by excellent thermal conductivity and a wide operating range, which allows high efficiencies in both refrigeration and heat pump applications. The main limitation is the high flammability. The design of the equipment must therefore meet strict requirements for charge quantity, ventilation and electrical protection against spark sources. R290 refrigerant is affordable, easily recyclable and promising in terms of European F-gas regulations.