A refractor (refracting telescope) is a type of optical telescope that uses a lense as its objective to form an image.
A reflector (reflecting telescope) is an optical telescope that uses a single or combination of curved mirrors to reflect light and form an image.
Focus is a mechanism that allows the binoculars to be adjusted so as to produce a sharp image. This can be done by moving the eyepiece, and in some telescopes by moving a part of the lens. Focussing mechanisms vary in accuracy and sensitivity, and the quality of the focus is reflected in the price of the binoculars.
The Eyepiece consists of one or more lenses. It is the last optical element of the telescope and the closest to the eye. Eyepieces feature fixed or variable zoom.
The lens is an optical system that creates an image of the observed object. The quality of the lense has a major impact on the quality of the image produced by the binoculars, which is largely affected by the amount of light that the lens is able to gather to form an image.
Anti-glare is a thin layer of metal applied to the lens that prevents light rays being reflected, thus reducing glare and enhancing viewing in bright conditions. Along with the lense diameter, it affects the amount of light that penetrates the optics of the binoculars.