The area of the world we now call the West gained global dominance thanks to the Industrial Revolution in the 19th century, a dominance that continues to this day. However, now, at the beginning of the 21st century, concerns are spreading that the rising economic power of China and India spells the end of the West as a global superpower. Are these fears justified? And why did Western nations achieve such a dominant position in the first place? In his influential book, British historian and archaeologist Ian Morris focuses on historical patterns over thousands of years and provides a compelling answer to both of these questions.
The key to the West's dominance was not culture, racial differences, or the exceptional achievements of individuals. The crucial factor was geography, which determined how local people were able to cope with resource shortages, diseases, migration, and climate change in their daily lives. According to Morris, the interplay between geographical factors and human ingenuity continues, and the world will keep changing as a result, which will also affect the superpower status of developed countries. The book is a fundamental contribution to the history of our civilisation and an excellent starting point for understanding the current geopolitical situation.
Ian Morris (born 1960) is a British historian and archaeologist. He studied in Birmingham and Cambridge and later directed archaeological excavations in Britain, Greece, and Italy. He is the author of many highly-rated academic publications, such as The Measure of Civilization (2013), War! What Is It Good For? Conflict and the Progress of Civilization from Primates to Robots (2014), and Foragers, Farmers, and Fossil Fuels (2015). He is a professor of classics and history at Stanford University.
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